Science
Heatwave impact on plants
How resilient can plants be to severe heatwaves?
A warming climate means higher climatic variability, including harsher heatwave events. Severe heatwaves impose great stress on plants, increasing the risk of desiccation and, ultimately, hydraulic failure.
Guiding questions:
- What is the relative impact of soil drought and atmospheric drought on plant functioning?
- How important are water storages (internal and in the soil) in maintaining transpiration and cooling?
- How do plant resilience and survival chances depend on plant traits?
We investigate these questions through field and lab experiments with native Mediterranean species, continuously monitoring water fluxes and plant status. We analyze the data using time-series tools and machine-learning techniques. Through mathematical modeling, we investigate plant response to expected future climate.
Plant optimal control
How can plants best regulate gas exchange, maximizing carbon uptake while minimizing water losses?
In order to make photosynthesis, plants capture CO2 from the atmosphere through the pores in their leaves (stomata). However, at the same time that CO2 enters the plant, water vapor exits. If too much water leaves the plant, it will desiccate and die, so the plant should keep its stomata mostly closed. On the other hand, the plant will starve from lack of carbon if it doesn’t open its stomata. We apply the tools of optimal control theory to study this fascinating problem.
Guiding questions:
- Which plant traits produce different water management strategies (e.g. isohydricity)?
- What is the plant really optimizing for? Instantaneous carbon assimilation? Maximum carbon gains over long periods? Fitness?
- How do plants respond to stochastic environmental conditions?
Fruit-tree water stress
Can we minimize water stress with smart irrigation scheduling? Can we do it optimally?
Soil salinization
How can we ensure healthy soils for generations to come?
Soil compaction
What are the soil physical changes that follow compaction? How do they affect water and solute dynamics, and ultimately soil degradation?
— Epictetus